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Title Assessment of Prebiotic Potential of Beta-Glucans and Fatty Acids to Promote Diversity of Obese and Diabetic Human Gut Microbiota in Vitro |
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Type Poster Presentation |
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Theme Probiotics and Prebiotics: Excellence in Science and Clinical Translation |
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Topic Development of Probiotic and Prebiotic Foods, Medical Foods, Supplements and Drugs |
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Main Author Conall R Strain1 2 |
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Presenting Author Conall R Strain1 2 |
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Co-Author Ronan G Strain1 2 Tam Tran2 Eibhlís M O’Connor4 Paul W O’Toole2 3 R Paul Ross1 2 3 Catherine Stanton1 2 |
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Department / Institution / Country Food Biosciences / Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark / Ireland1 APC Microbiome Institute / University College Cork / Ireland2 School of Microbiology / University College Cork / Ireland3 Department of Life Sciences / University of Limerick / Ireland4 |
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Background and Rationale Obesity is a global health concern and increases the risk of a number of inflammatory associated diseases including type 2 diabetes. Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays a major role in the progression of such diseases through a number of mechanisms. Gut microbiota diversity can modulate immune function and inflammation, and loss of diversity has been observed in type 2 diabetic patients. Specific food ingredients, such as prebiotics, can promote gut microbiota diversity and offer a tool for promoting health and well-being. |
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Objectives: Indicates the purpose of the study The aims of this study were to identify potential prebiotics, novel dietary fibres and fatty acids, that can promote gut microbiota diversity in obese and diabetic patients. |
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Methodology: Describe pertinent experimental procedures Obese patients were recruited, separated into three groups (obese non-diabetic, obese pre-diabetic and obese diabetic) based on fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels, and faecal material was collected from the patients. In vitro faecal fermentation experiments were carried out using an anaerobic, pH controlled 24 vessel fermentation system (MicroMatrix) to assess the prebiotic potential of beta-glucans isolated from different food sources in combination and alone with the fatty acids, palmitic, oleic acid and fish oil to promote diversity using microbiota from the three cohorts. Microbiota composition and diversity were assessed by 16S rDNA next generation sequencing (Miseq). Effects on the metabolic activity were assessed by measuring SCFA concentrations by GC-FID. |
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Results: Summarize the results of the research Beta-glucans increased alpha diversity (Shannon & Simpson indices) and SCFA production, while dietary fatty acids induced significant changes in the beta diversity (Weighted UNIFRAC, Bray-Curtis) in obese human faecal bacterial populations. |
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Conclusions: State the main conclusions The results from this study show that both dietary fibres and fatty acids and lipids can modulate the composition and metabolic activity of the gut microbiota and highlight their potential as novel prebiotics to combat T2D. |