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Title Genomic Insights Into Host Adaptation Trends of Probiotic Species, Lactobacillus Reuteri: Transforming Probiotic to Super-Probiotic |
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Type Poster Presentation |
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Theme Probiotics and Prebiotics: Excellence in Science and Clinical Translation |
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Topic Translational Microbiome Studies |
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Main Author Shikha Sharma1 |
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Presenting Author Shikha Sharma1 |
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Co-Author Prashant Patil1 Sanjeet Kumar1 Suresh Korpole2 Prabhu Patil1 |
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Department / Institution / Country Bacterial Genomics and Evolution Laboratory / Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR) / India1 MTCC and Gene bank / Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR) / India2 |
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Background and Rationale The disadvantage of current probiotic strains is their inability of long-term colonization and biofilm formation in the human gut. Hence, they are needed to be taken continuously and the host is also devoid of metabolites, requiring a longer stay in the gut. Lactobacillus reuteri is a successful probiotic, demonstrates noteworthy host adaptation. The underlying factors defining this peculiar host adaptation is still a mystery. This study focuses on deciphering factors and gene clusters underpinning human adaptation of L. reuteri. The revealed gene clusters can be utilized to synthesize customized probiotic strains by genome editing of existing ones. The customized probiotic strains will adapt to human gut, enabling long-term colonization and hence, transforming to super-probiotics. |
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Objectives: Indicates the purpose of the study Understanding underlying mechanisms, gene clusters and mobilomes defining human adaptation of Lactobacillus reuteri. |
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Methodology: Describe pertinent experimental procedures In-house whole genome sequencing and comparative analysis of a novel taxonomic outlier strain, Lactobacillus spp. M31 and L. reuteri strains belonging to different lineages |
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Results: Summarize the results of the research pdu-cbi-cob-hem (vitamin B12 and reuterin biosynthesis) cluster, conserved in human lineage is ancestral and hence, is crucial for its human adaptation. Other lineage-specific clusters, urease, secA2-secY2 (adhesion) and levansucrase (biofilm formation), are lost by human lineage. Most of the genes, present in other lineages are lost by human-adapted lineage. A load of mobilomes was seen and Insertion sequence (IS200) expansion was observed in the human lineage.Apart from revealing an inter-kingdom host jump of L. reuteri, the study also provided insights into adaptation of L. reuteri to other vertebrates’ lineages. |
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Conclusions: State the main conclusions The present study has allowed understanding the exceptional success of L. reuteri from the level of species to strain. The study pinpoints genes and factors crucial for host adaptation, which will be invaluable in rationale development of probiotics for human and animal health. |