Abstract

Title

Genomic Insights Into Host Adaptation Trends of Probiotic Species, Lactobacillus Reuteri: Transforming Probiotic to Super-Probiotic

Type
Poster Presentation
Theme
Probiotics and Prebiotics: Excellence in Science and Clinical Translation
Topic
Translational Microbiome Studies

Authors

Main Author
Shikha Sharma1
Presenting Author
Shikha Sharma1
Co-Author
Prashant Patil1
Sanjeet Kumar1
Suresh Korpole2
Prabhu Patil1

Authors' Institution

Department / Institution / Country
Bacterial Genomics and Evolution Laboratory / Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR) / India1
MTCC and Gene bank / Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR) / India2
Content
Background and Rationale

The disadvantage of current probiotic strains is their inability of long-term colonization and biofilm formation in the human gut. Hence, they are needed to be taken continuously and the host is also devoid of metabolites, requiring a longer stay in the gut. Lactobacillus reuteri is a successful probiotic, demonstrates noteworthy host adaptation. The underlying factors defining this peculiar host adaptation is still a mystery. This study focuses on deciphering factors and gene clusters underpinning human adaptation of L. reuteri. The revealed gene clusters can be utilized to synthesize customized probiotic strains by genome editing of existing ones. The customized probiotic strains will adapt to human gut, enabling long-term colonization and hence, transforming to super-probiotics. 

Objectives: Indicates the purpose of the study
Understanding underlying mechanisms, gene clusters and mobilomes defining human adaptation of Lactobacillus reuteri.
Methodology: Describe pertinent experimental procedures
In-house whole genome sequencing and comparative analysis of a novel taxonomic outlier strain, Lactobacillus spp. M31 and L. reuteri strains belonging to different lineages
Results: Summarize the results of the research

pdu-cbi-cob-hem (vitamin B12 and reuterin biosynthesis) cluster, conserved in human lineage is ancestral and hence, is crucial for its human adaptation. Other lineage-specific clusters, urease, secA2-secY2 (adhesion) and levansucrase (biofilm formation), are lost by human lineage. Most of the genes, present in other lineages are lost by human-adapted lineage.  A load of mobilomes was seen and Insertion sequence (IS200) expansion was observed in the human lineage.Apart from revealing an inter-kingdom host jump of L. reuteri, the study also provided insights into adaptation of L. reuteri to other vertebrates’ lineages. 

Conclusions: State the main conclusions

The present study has allowed understanding the exceptional success of L. reuteri from the level of species to strain. The study pinpoints genes and factors crucial for host adaptation, which will be invaluable in rationale development of probiotics for human and animal health.

Keywords: Super-probiotic; Lactobacillus reuteri; Host Adaptation; Colonization
Requires Audio or Video system for Presentation?: No Back