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Title Targeting Gut Microbiota in Obesity: Protective Effects of Selected Probiotic Strains |
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Type Poster Presentation |
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Theme Probiotics and Prebiotics: Excellence in Science and Clinical Translation |
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Topic Development of Probiotic and Prebiotic Foods, Medical Foods, Supplements and Drugs |
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Main Author Corinne Grangette1 |
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Presenting Author Corinne Grangette1 |
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Co-Author Jeanne Alard1 Sarah Kuylle3 Isabelle Wolowczuk1 Bruno Pot1 Moez Rhimi2 Anne Judith waligora-Dupriet4 Emmanuelle maguin2 Sophie Holowacz5 Veronique Peucelle Denise Boutillier jeremy Desramaut |
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Department / Institution / Country center for Infection & Immunity of Lille / Institut Pasteur of Lille / France1 Micalis UMR1319 / INRA / France2 ZI du Couserans / Genibio / France3 6Intestinal Ecosystem, Probiotics, Antibiotics / Université Paris Descartes / France4 Pilèje / Pilèje / France5 |
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Background and Rationale The incidence of chronic pathologies notably obesity, has been rising dramatically during the last decades and are important public health concerns. Obesity is associated with a chronic, low-grade inflammatory state that is crucial in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The gut microbiota is involved in maintaining human health and is critical as homeostatic regulator of host energy metabolism and immune responses. Accumulating evidence over the past decade has linked the development of obesity and related metabolic syndrome to gut microbiota dysbiosis. |
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Objectives: Indicates the purpose of the study The potential use of probiotics therefore gained attention, although results were sometimes conflicting. Probiotics can exert their protective properties through multiple mechanisms, for instance by maintaining and restoring the gut barrier function, by regulating the mucosal immunity and the entero-endocrine function. Our project was to evaluate the protective effects of several probiotic strains using different in vitro models. |
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Methodology: Describe pertinent experimental procedures We selected strains with the capacity to induce the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, to restore the epithelial barrier (in vitro gut permeability model) and to favor the secretion of gut peptides (entero-endocrine STC-1 cell line). Selected strains were then evaluated in a murine model of diet-induced obesity.
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Results: Summarize the results of the research Some strains induced a significant limitation of body weight gain and an improvement of metabolic and immune parameters, including insulin resistance, fatty liver, dyslipidemia and inflammation. Depending on strains, protective effects were associated with an increase in short chain fatty acids, particularly butyrate and propionate, a restoration of microbiota dysbiosis and also with hypothalamic modifications of leptin and leptin receptor gene expression. |
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Conclusions: State the main conclusions This work provides crucial clues for the selection of strains or mixture with the best potential for the development of more efficient therapeutic approaches in the management of obesity and also brings substantial insights into how the host-microbial interaction govern protective effects |