Background

     Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are the causes of the falls in the elderly. For the sake of health promotion, the elderly are encouraged to take exercise and activities regularly, so that the elderly can reduce their fall risk. Besides, increase interaction with others could be prevent dementia and improve the quality of life .

Objective

   The purpose of this project is to screen about 40 senior citizens over the age of 65 from the community. Multi-domain interventions (including nutrition and osteoporosis-related medical consultation, cognitive activities and fitness training) are administered and we will discuss the effectiveness of intervention.

Methods

   This study randomly assigned 20 elderly health promotion groups and observation control groups in the community. The intervention group performed 12 weeks, one times a week comprehensive composite care activities training (including nutrition and osteoporosis-related medical consulting lectures, cognitive activities and physical fitness training). Intervention effectiveness assessments were conducted prior to the 12-week composite integrated care activity training, and the end of the program. Outcome measurements will be conducted 1 months later. Interventional outcome assessment included Montreal cognitive assessment (taiwan version), upper arm strength and lower extremity strength test, three meters chrono-off test, Burger's balance scale and conscious comprehensive improvement scale (Global Rating of Change Scale, GROC), SF-36 life quality questionnaire.

Results

Of 44 randomized subjects, 32 completed all aspects of the study protocol. The experimental group improved significantly on MOCA (P=0.000) from Week 0 to Week 12 , Berg Balance scale (P = 0.014), Timed Up-and-Go test (P = 0.024) from Week 0 to12. The chair stand test (P = 0.031) from week 12 to 16, Dynamic Gait Index (P = 0.012), Timed Up-and-Go test (P = 0.031) from week 12 to 16. Comparing with the CG, two-minute walking test (P = 0.026) before week 0 to 12 ,The chair stand test(P = 0.015)  and Dynamic Gait Index (P=0.001)significantly from week 0 to 12.

Conclusions

Exercise can reduce the risk of falls. Multi-domain interventions can increase the cardiopulmonary endurance, balance and gait of the elderly in the community, helping to prevent falls and improve the quality of daily life.