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Abstract

Title

Understanding the Cultivable Autochthonous Bacteria from Human Gut
Type
Poster Presentation
Theme
Probiotics and Prebiotics: Excellence in Science and Clinical Translation
Topic
Influence of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Diet, Nutrition and Drug Metabolism

Authors

Main Author
Lavanya Vasudevan1
Presenting Author
Lavanya Vasudevan1
Co-Author
Jayanthi V2
Srinivas M2
Chandra T S1

Authors' Institution

Department / Institution / Country
Biotechnology / Indian Institute of Technology Madras / India1
Gastroenterology / Global Hospital and Health City / India2
Content
Background and Rationale
‘Gut microbiota’ refers to the ecosystem of microorganisms that have adapted to live on intestinal mucosal surface or within gut lumen (WGO Handbook of gut microbes, 2014). Since microbial composition varies along the length of gastrointestinal tract, use of tissue samples provides better expression of autochthonous bacterial population that have colonised and survived in the human gut for long periods of time. Studying their metabolic abilities and surface characteristics will help in understanding their adaptations for survival in human gut.
Objectives: Indicates the purpose of the study
To exploit gut microbes for health benefits by isolating and characterizing the bacterial species inhabiting our gut.
Methodology: Describe pertinent experimental procedures

Biopsy samples were collected from three different regions of colon (terminal ileum, caecum and recto-sigmoid) from healthy volunteers.They were homogenized, enriched and plated to obtain cultivable gut bacteria. Representative isolates were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and were studied for their acid tolerance ability. Further studies on their surface characteristics and metabolic abilites like oxalate degradation are underway.
Results: Summarize the results of the research

Around 40 isolates were obtained from ileum and caecum, which were grouped into 9 clusters based on morphology.  
Key observations include

i. Enrichment helps in increasing the number of surviving bacteria.
ii. Anaerobic enrichment gives higher colony number.
iii. Striking difference observed in colony numbers obtained from ileum under aerobic and anaerobic enrichment - surviving numbers were highly reduced in aerobic enrichment.
iv. Colony diversity, however, does not vary significantly

  • Among the three regions – ileum, caecum, and recto-sigmoid.
  • Between aerobic and anaerobic enrichments.

v. They were able to survive from pH 3.0. Poor growth was observed in pH 2.0.
Conclusions: State the main conclusions

The organism Weissella confusa was isolated from caecal tissue of two different patients. This organism may be a predominant facultative anaerobe in the caecum. However further validation in this direction is required. Ileal isolates gave a better diversity of bacteria including Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Pediococcus.

 
Keywords: Microbiota; biopsy; autochthonous; probiotic
Requires Audio or Video system for Presentation?: No